Open Source Ecology - bio-petrochemistry

The total acid number (TAN) is a measurement of acidity that is determined by the amount of potassium hydroxide in milligrams that is needed to neutralize the acids in one gram of oil. It is an important quality measurement of crude oil. The TAN value indicates to the crude oil refinery the potential of corrosion problems. It is usually the naph...

1:21 AM

good term for "storability"

1:22 AM

pyrolysis oil is not ONLY the carcinogenic slurry of hydrocarbon nasties, but also can be quite acidic supposedly

Ayee

5:45 AM

Slurry acid and carcinogens

5:45 AM

The trifecta of hydrometallurgy

Been diving into this recently:

4:27 AM

https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Petroleum_Coke

Petroleum Coke

4:27 AM

Short of Particulate Matter, the bio version should be fine

4:27 AM

similar to charcoal i think?

4:27 AM

Found a neat diagram:

4:28 AM

4:28 AM

What i am trying to find is if there is a method where the reactor is "blown out" DIRECTLY into a "Petcoke Slurry" system

4:28 AM

so no intermediate piles and all that mess

4:29 AM

either directly to a grinder, and slurry pipeline/tank, or pellet/briquette machine

4:29 AM

thus making the dust somewhat impossible (short of pellets/briquettes eroding in transit)

4:30 AM

4:31 AM

I think the "shot coke" is the type that would be made from the "blowout" of the reactor, and it seems somewhat fine particle size already

4:31 AM

Granted slurry particle size still needs to be gathered too

"coker drum drain slurry petcoke" there we go, seems blowout is ALSO used for accidents here. not just oil/pipeilines

2:54 AM

Shows the difference in goals!

2:59 AM

Probably the best flowchart i've found

http://drtlud.com/BEF/history9.htm

3:57 AM

neat gasifier

4:00 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charcoal_iron

Charcoal iron

Charcoal iron is the substance created by the smelting of iron ore with charcoal. All ironmaking blast furnaces were fueled by charcoal until Abraham Darby introduced coke as a fuel in 1709. The more economical coke soon replaced charcoal in British furnaces, but in the United States, where timber for charcoal was abundant, charcoal furnaces lin...

4:00 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_non-catalytic_reduction

Selective non-catalytic reduction

Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) is a method to lessen nitrogen oxide emissions in conventional power plants that burn biomass, waste and coal. The process involves injecting either ammonia or urea into the firebox of the boiler at a location where the flue gas is between 1,400 and 2,000 °F (760 and 1,090 °C) to react with the nitrogen o...

4:01 AM

@Eric Lotze what is the intent of this channel? Growing oil right? Or oil from?

Mainly HTL Biorefineries, but it could also include Bio-Methane, and Syngas feedstocks

11:39 PM

(Also electrolysis sourced hydrogen)

11:39 PM

Also maybe plant oils, but i am unsure if the extraction makes sense, short of biodiesel?

The Video is a bit more drink production focused, but most of the data still (unintentional pun) may be of use for Small to Medium Biofuel / Chemical Production: https://youtu.be/oBHIc6LwH6o

Tech Ingredients

Distilling ALCOHOL With Our New Reflux Still!

3:26 AM

neat bubble plate diagram too

3:27 AM

would be a neat 3DP->Mold->Metal Cast

Doing some pyrolysis kiln plotting again

3:01 AM

https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Open_Source_Fuel_Agnostic_Pyrolysis_Batch_Kiln

Open Source Fuel Agnostic Pyrolysis Batch Kiln

3:01 AM

I have 2 empty, unused paint cans, and some copper tubing sitting around, as well as a PILE of unused 1L mason jars

3:01 AM

So this is definetly do-able

3:02 AM

Main concern is the "nasty-ness" of the pyrolysis oil itself

I'm looking into safety stuff for pyrolysis oil, pre-diving into it, and granted i'm not using hazmat suit obviously, but for an improvised "spill palette" you can use kiddie pools:

4:03 AM

These are the proper thing:

4:03 AM

The "Pyrolysis Oil" from Nova Chemicals seems to be moreso just the lower fractions in these charts:

5:40 AM

5:41 AM

So i finally did something "hands on" for once (in a long while) So we had a campfire "cookout" last night Today i took the ash/char mixture and added it to 500ml of tap water I took a ph test of the tap water beforehand as well then I'm going to try filtering out all the char/unsoluable minerals via a coffee filter and/or "cheesecloth" Then i'm going to try and get some ultra pure sodium/potassium hydroxide from the remaining liquid I'm massing it at all steps (granted with a 1 or 2 decimal kitchen scale, so not TOO scientific) (Also the ph test is simply liquid color change, and not a "hard number", and they are old af aquarium ones) I am taking pictures as well, with a "good exposure" then also with a flash for consistent lighting for digital analysis i guess? I'm probably going to dump the data + in depth details on a wiki page on this rather than clog this chat up with data/images, but i'll keep you posted!

Are you attempting a fractional crystalization of the lye?

later yeah, have you done anything like that yourself?

Yeah, I started to. Curious your process to separate and identify the carbonates.

i don't entirely know, i would assume a "seed crystal" ?

I run an air conditioner all summer with a output hose of the hit air. I directed it onto a plastic bin contaning large quantities of liquid lye leeched from wood stove ash. Plastic bin auto-refilled from a large inverted bottle sort of like an animal water feeder.

8:50 PM

Was a cheap way to generate huge quantities of lye crystals. Next step is purification. Only good info I could find was from a science class lab instruction for fractional crystalization of wood ash.

8:52 PM

I've tried making soap from the lye crystals as is after cooking them in a high temp pottery kiln.

I was looking into heat recovery and it looks like you beat me to it!

But think they would benefit from removing more of the impurities first

https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Open_Source_Humidity_Pump

Open Source Humidity Pump

8:52 PM

i made that a while back

8:53 PM

granted it may not help too much in this case idk

8:54 PM

On the note of using a wood stove:

8:54 PM

Does yours have a catalytic converter on the exhaust?

No, it is a older insert woodstive installed in the 1990s. Runs pretty hot and efficient once heated up, however.

8:56 PM

Also i try to burn a lot of alder which grows on our private forest land and burns really well

yeah it isn't a huge feature, but i recently heard it's a thing

8:57 PM

Also what do you do with the ash currently?

I understand it helps a lot when you first light it before it heats up. Also can help it burn hotter

8:58 PM

I'd love be to try one on a insert fireplace I have that burns horribly

8:59 PM

Depending on if I'm at my cabin or at my house in the city I bury the ash or throw it in a dumpster for the landfill (edited)

9:03 PM

I'll try to find the info I had on fractional crystalization and share. I found it REALLY hard to find reliable info on making soap from wood ash. Internet is riddled with people making guides based on what "sounds plausable" but clearly without any actual experience or knowledge of chemistry.

Check this out: http://cavemanchemistry.com/oldcave/projects/potash/index.html

10:42 PM

Specifically the section Recrystalization as a Purification Technique

10:43 PM

Basically a basic approach for the crude seperation of: Substance Solubility (grams/100 mL water) Cold Hot potassium carbonate 147 331 calcium chloride 75 159 sodium chloride 36 39 potassium chloride 34 57 sodium carbonate 22 421 calcium carbonate 0.001 0.002 (edited)

thanks!

10:45 PM

Do you have a wiki account yet? I'm getting lost in names more and more recently

I think so

10:47 PM

I'm not a wiki expert ,though. I know you have added a ton of content and not sure I know how to access it all. Not sure how to browse see pages not linked from the top level nav structure

Thank you for having this conversation, doesnt apply to anything i'll do anytime soon but super cool to hear about this as I'm crystalizing stuff at work

What are you crystallizing ?

Nondisclosure agreements sadly

11:06 PM

But a certain metal sulfate

ah ok

This whole channel got me thinking about how inflated the petroleum industry is by plastic consumables

11:09 PM

Plant plastic soon?

once a sufficient carbon tax exists really IMO

11:10 PM

The technology is (mostly) there already

11:10 PM

The issue is just caN iT cOmpEtE wItH fOsSil FuEls

11:10 PM

but a carbon tax would level that issue (edited)

11:11 PM

May be SOME issue with catalyst poisoning from what i have read so far, but it seems like once desalted, and if you hydrotreat it enough it is fine

11:12 PM

Also little to no sulfur/heavy metals, so given they are using t a r s a n d s now it should be "easier" in my armchair opinion

Cool

11:18 PM

I use some equipment that used to seperate tar sands

11:19 PM

Weird full circle

11:19 PM

Imma nuke big plastic (edited)

This is super nerdy to say... but I was buying some onions at trader joe's last night (don't normally shop there) and bio-based produce bags they provide are sooo cool. Sounds stupid but I couldn't help but geek out. More elastic than typical bags they seem like they would actually be more robust. Also... the lettering printed on it says it does NOT require commercial composing methods to break down. Can be composted in normal piles. Such a cool feeling material it makes me want to learn more about bio-plastics and what else they could be used for

I took photos of the compostable trash bags at walmart the other day too

11:22 PM

Need to buy some and expirement sometime

I'm glad I have a forum like this to admit how excited I got over a free plastic bag and not be excessively mocked lol

@Cmjstealth has reached level 8. GG!

lol

That's super cool you can just throw the bags in with the rest of the compost

5:37 AM

could probably use the bags to consolidate all the compost and then throw the bags in a tumbler

ALRIGHTY

7:55 PM

just filtered out the solids in a 2 two coffee filters

7:55 PM

Leaving it to dry now

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2mv7kX3q2s

TED-Ed

How super glue was invented | Moments of Vision 8 - Jessica Oreck

10:29 PM

something near on cyanoacrylates

10:29 PM

got here from the tested video:

10:30 PM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZqf5rOJNCE

Adam Savage’s Tested

Adam Savage's Favorite Tools: Superglue and Glue Accelerators!

10:30 PM

supposedly that "medical glue" is basically just medical grade CA glue

10:30 PM

and that was ONE of it's first major uses

10:30 PM

I can't imagine model making with only epoxy lol

Iirc there is a similar thing for lithium ion batteries. First in pacemakers.

11:47 PM

intresting

What's your inert anode made of? (edited)

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLq6IzRhDFdPNent-dmfkRT74ODpE4gR9Q

Steelmaking Stuff

Graphite?

I like hydrogen reduction, a bit more fuel agnostic, but i will look into that electrolysis method, reminds me of those "liquid metal batteries"

9:52 PM

that would be a huge undertaking for sure

10:06 PM

refineries don't do well with down time, and I imagine most refinery components are near end of life

10:06 PM

may be better to scrap them/build fresh refineries

Even if ALL energy on earth comes from renewable / nuclear, we will always need some petroleum-based products.

that too, we will need refineries to keep existing oil-based products supply chain's secured, and matt, this channel is hoping that algae/biomass can replace oil products

10:08 PM

damn, so it's already started

10:09 PM

I think the best way to do it would be get it brand new the day it shuts down, and do an intensive retrofit, and have it pumping biomass 30 days later

Bio polymers? Yeah, that's good stuff!

but, it's tough to get feed material now right?

10:10 PM

can anyone speak to why when refineries shut down stuff starts breaking?

10:10 PM

solids forming in piping? sludge in sensitive assemblies?

10:11 PM

because I guess the most ideal solution is a refinery where you can run biomass and old oil deposits simultaneously

10:14 PM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032117308146

10:15 PM

good intro to HTL biomass proccessing

10:15 PM

hydrothermal liquifaction

10:15 PM

@Matthew.V.Greene

I've read some papers on "drop in" feedstocks for refineries

10:27 PM

doing syngas->chemicals (very similar to "coal-to-liquids" etc process (also done for everyone's favorite t a r s a n d s ) is probably the easiest

10:28 PM

That is kind of odd/wasteful compared to starting with a crude oil, so then there are the other methods

10:28 PM

You can do "Pyrolysis Oil" which works well, but has some issues (mainly charcoal dust content, as well as acidity i think?)

10:29 PM

HTL is probably the most promising, especially given algaculture feedstock being optimal for sustainable biomass and bio-CCS stuff

@Eric Lotze has reached level 30. GG!

The only issue with HTL really is some residual metals IIRC

10:30 PM

unlike all the un-conventional oils / coal etc, it is only really Iron, not something nasty, so not too bad, BUT "hydrodemetalization" is probably still needed

10:30 PM

Also i think salt, but a water wash in a "desalter" easily fixes that

10:31 PM

Main thing is just cost, but once the "carbon bubble" collapses it should be good to go (in my armchair opinion i guess)

Found a nice chart:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VFlV1jY6K7Q

Just Have a Think

Airbus Hydrogen ZEROe Project. Stealing a march on the competition!

1:34 AM

Good video on hydrogen planes (also covered biofuel / synfuels, and non-co2 emissions (particulate matter, nox, high altitude clouds reflectivity etc) )

Hi, do you all think this would be a good idea?

10:38 PM

Creating a bioplastic that is completely non-degradabe ( I mean it can't go back to co2), and then commercialising it and filling landfills with it. Then you are capturing carbon from the atmosphere and storing it in a long term manner.

plants already do that. there would be unforseen consequences.

Not landfills, but as usable products

12:35 AM

That, or "biochar burial" where you essentially bury charcoal (or in theory, bio-petcoke)

12:35 AM

This is typically in the context of it being added to agricultural soil and Gradually being buried, although i like the concept of "reverse coal mining" (edited)

12:36 AM

Need to see if there are any papers on it

Xlinking enough to make it non biodegradable from a chemistry pov is just making plastic. Also plastic is technically an organic. So you're just burying plastic bottles but greenwashing it.

Also wood wasn't biodegradable for a while right?

12:38 AM

And there are microorganisms learning to "eat" plastic IIRC

Biochar is mmmmm not as great as people say. The whole burning thing kind of balances out the benefits. Just grow some freaking trees, people.

Trees are slow af

12:39 AM

Also reforestation good, afforestation bad

12:40 AM

Rewilding best

12:40 AM

Given we pulled an obscene amount of carbon from LONG ago, IMO we need to put it back (unless other geoengineering methods are used, but those are iffy, and don't solve ocean acidification)

(Also when trees die or just drop branches, short of a Peat Bog etc most/all of that CO2 goes back into the environment, sometimes as methane too which has a higher CO2e until it breaks down again)

Methane breaks down fast. Seed an are with methanotrops and let them do their job. Loamy soil is the best soil. Rewinding means rebuilding ecosystems. Aforestation is good when you realize what used to be forest a long time ago. Also trees aren't as slow now ;) and if we just stopped cutting down entire ecosystems maybe it would be surprising how fast things go.

@glean has reached level 1. GG!

"Aforestation is good when you realize what used to be forest a long time ago." I agree 100%, but the whole world wasn't forests, (especially monoculture tree planting projects that are too often done...) so i think a focus on "rebuilding ecosystems" is better, as it helps endangered species (assuming they all didn't die off, and can't be revived), and is more hardy to changes

2:22 AM

"Also trees aren't as slow now

and if we just stopped cutting down entire ecosystems maybe it would be surprising how fast things go." I agree stopping deforestation is urgent! (Can't plant trees then chop down the amazon) On the note of their "slowness" i mean that Climate Change can/will cause mass extinction long before trees can help with the issue, let alone reverse all the carbon added via fossil fuels (edited)

This is why modified azolla is the latest idea

Azolla Event Part 2 !

6:03 PM

(Granted disruption to the ecosystems in the area may be an issue "algae blooms" and whatnot, no?)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEn39Zi_aCg

PoliMi

H2020 FLEDGED project – Flexible DME production from biomass with S...

3:39 AM

Kind of seemed like chemical looping combustion mixed with fluidized bed gasification? odd stuff

3:39 AM

http://www.fledged.eu/biomass-to-dme-process/fledged-gasifier/

admin

FLEDGED Gasifier - FLEDGED

FLEDGED project addresses a gasification concept based on indirect gasification in a dual fluidized bed system using a CaO-rich bed material. Pre-treated biomass is gasified by steam and heat is supplied by hot solids from an air-blown combustor. The advantages of this technology are: production of a N2-free syngas with no need of pure oxygen,...

3:40 AM

need to look into the specific chemistry later

https://youtu.be/PMGuq2OED8A

MBI

AFEX Biomass Pretreatment Process - Transformational Technology for...

1:39 AM

https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/11/20201130-monolith.html

Mitsubishi Heavy invests in Monolith Materials to support clean hyd...

Monolith Materials, Inc. has received an investment from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America, Inc. to support its commercial-scale, emissions-free hydrogen manufacturing technology. The announcement is the latest in a series of recent strategic investments made by MHI in support of achieving a decarbonized world. Monolith Materials is the first ...

https://www.h2-international.com/2020/05/15/turquoise-hydrogen-a-game-changer/

Hydrogeit

Turquoise hydrogen: A game changer?

The German government has announced it is planning to pass a national hydrogen strategy this year, with the aim of establishing a regulatory framework for the sector.

1:48 AM

1:55 AM

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cben.202000014

https://www.build-a-gasifier.com/biochar-gasification/

4:21 AM

https://www.build-a-gasifier.com/PDF/1G%20Toucan%20TLUD%20for%20Biochar%20Jan%202010%20-%20final_0.pdf paint can, "sardine can" and a galvanized duct section

https://stoves.bioenergylists.org/beloniocfrh

6:26 AM

thought the pneumatic conveyance of that char in image 1 was pretty neat (edited)

https://discord.com/channels/700486873272811562/715888422887096341/856507049966043146 (edited)

12:33 AM

@Kelosi This stuff might be right up your alley lol (edited)

I was looking at this

(i'm just catching up, all sorts of neat stuff mentioned, anywho) Cellulosic Ethanol is the term if i remember correctly

12:35 AM

I need to look into miscanthus

Im looking for a good image of Clariant's Sunliquid process

12:35 AM

12:36 AM

12:37 AM

Chemical free processing of cellulose. They mention somewhere that integrating the enzyme production directly into the production line lowers costs by like 60%.

i love infographics! a fine addition to my collection

12:37 AM

I should make a page on that group too

12:38 AM

I am still unsure on what the "best fuels" are/would be

12:39 AM

Granted, as with most renewables tech, that may be a non-issue (like we can do solar AND wind etc, but given fossil fuel tech was pretty specialized i at least can kind of carry that thinking over)

The thing I like about ethanol is that as long as we have it we can apply a lot of our fossil fuel based chemistry to it and produce a lot of the polymers we already rely on. You can steam crack ethane to get propane, pentane, decane, touline, benzene, etc

it also is relitively non-toxic (can even be consumed in theory)

That's how you get polypropylene and polyethylene too. Which are currently two of the most used plastics on earth.

12:42 AM

What can even be consumed? Plastic?

12:42 AM

Oh, ethanol.

12:43 AM

Yeah, you can drink this stuff. Fossil fuel based ethanol is actually made from methanol, which is incredibly poisonous. But this ethanol is produced through fermentation, so they don't produce any methanol at all

12:43 AM

It would basically be pure vodka

methanol can be made from syngas which is neat, and i think "works" with catalysts better if i remember correctly

12:44 AM

i know DME is made from methanol

12:44 AM

and i think syntetic/bio - gasoline is too in some odd catalytic thing

12:44 AM

GRANTED

12:44 AM

e-100 engines exist

in some odd catalytic thing?

let me grab the infographic/thing

12:46 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_to_liquids#Syngas_to_gasoline_plus_process_(STG+)

Gas to liquids

Gas to liquids (GTL) is a refinery process to convert natural gas or other gaseous hydrocarbons into longer-chain hydrocarbons, such as gasoline or diesel fuel. Methane-rich gases are converted into liquid synthetic fuels. Two general strategies exist: (i) direct partial combustion of methane to methanol and (ii) Fischer–Tropsch-like processes t...

12:46 AM

and the syngas can be made from bio-methane / synthetic methane which is a neat add in

12:47 AM

but you can "feed" some bacteria syngas hydrogen or methane too'

syngas is interesting. Have you heard of Carbon Engineering? They're a direct air capture company out of BC. They produce syngas from atmospheric CO2

12:47 AM

im looking up their mechanism

12:48 AM

From what i remember, its basically a lime and cement process. Lime captures CO2 when its made and then when in cements it releases it again. This company is using that mechanism in order to capture co2 directly out of air and transport it. Really clever

12:49 AM

And they just reuse the minerals aftewards. Its completely renewable (edited)

12:50 AM

I looked into direct air capture and algae farms, but the main problem I kept finding with them is that they needed a lot of power. With bioethanol, your crop produces ethanol for you without requiring power. So you can use your crop to sustainably power all your equipment

12:52 AM

Using syngas as a feedstock for a bioculture is probably a waste. You can MAKE methane from a bioculture, and turn THAT into syngas

12:53 AM

If you have the syngas already though, might as well turn it into a polymer or something. Its actually capturing it that's the hard part

12:54 AM

Most ammonia used today for agricultural purposes is actually made from syngas, which we get from natural gas. That's just one reason why we're still dependant on fossil fuels. 90% of the worlds agriculture relies on synthetic ammonia production from natural gas.

Eric Lotze

let me grab the infographic/thing

you still there?

had dinner real quick, am back

Kelosi

I need to look into that, i heard of the one using amines (i think), and heard of that company essentially using cement for that "enhanced weathering" process

1:01 AM

And I 100% agree that Biomass/Bioenergy CCS is the best method

1:02 AM

you can get ENERGY FROM the process

1:02 AM

not using a pile of energy

Yeah, there are other companies that use amines, but they're only really effective if your waste co2 is in high concentrations. Such as hooking it up to the flu of a furnace.

how direct air capture is getting all the hype is so odd to me

1:06 AM

Also i was looking for it, and haven't found much myself (if you found anything, do tell!), but essentially "reverse coal mining" (edited)

1:06 AM

take charcoal (or bio-petcoke) and put it back in the ground

1:07 AM

There is stuff on using it in agriculture (bio-char), and this may keep it in the soil, but i haven't seen too much on full on deep burial

1:07 AM

There is a lot of stuff on CO2 injection wells though too

Lol. I imagine that with bioplastic production sometimes. Just make a shit-ton of plastic bricks and store them long term. I once did the math on how much volume we would actually need if we wanted to convert all that antmospheric co2 back into oil or graphite. Its an INSANE amount. Like a great lake's worth. If we were stacking compressed graphite bricks, I calculated that if we built a pyramid the size of the pyramid of Giza out of them, we would still need to build thousands of them.

OOOOO

1:10 AM

that too!

1:11 AM

me, being an acronym lover, made some abbreviations/terms

1:12 AM

Carbon Sequestration in Materials (CSiM) Carbon Sequestration in Buildings (CSiB) (Also could add in the prefix “Bio-energy / Bio-materials with…) (edited)

1:13 AM

one bit i was wondering was if carbon could replace some/all of the aggregate (granted "slag" from large furnaces/power plants can work in part as well)

1:13 AM

because sand mining is a bit of an issue, and you could "kill two birds with one stone" i guess

1:14 AM

That or just make everything from carbon-fiber reinforced concrete lol

For what purpose? Cement? I have seen some interesting papers about slag cement. Also there was a company starting in Canada that was beginning the production of Graphene Cement. Apparently just adding flaked graphene can increase its strength by 25%.

I LOVE the idea of the graphite pyramid !

Yeah, when I used to imagine my scenarios for developing the North and making a business, I would often imagine the north being littered with these white plastic coated pyramids.

1:17 AM

Northern settlements built around them. It was pretty epic, visually. Too bad you can't photocopy your imagination, right?

yeah! I want to learn how to art for the same reason. I was doing something similar to making pintrest boards, but for the concept of that the OBI A e s t h e t i c could/would be

1:20 AM

The potential for 3D Printing to make cathedral/ancient wonders of the world-esque arches/vaults etc with no effort is really neat (i'm going to go gush about this in #general )

https://www.clariant.com/en/Business-Units/New-Businesses/Biotech-and-Biobased-Chemicals/Sunliquid (edited)

sunliquid®

Agricultural residues efficiently converted into cellulosic ethanol – think ahead, think sunliquid®.

5:38 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PJ1_TrackBite

PJ1 TrackBite

PJ1 TrackBite, formerly known as VHT TrackBite or simply VHT, is a custom formulated synthetic resin, typically black in color, used in drag racing to either increase the traction of a car's tires or as a sealer for newly ground and/or resurfaced race tracks. It stays sticky for weeks, has fire-retardant properties and is hydrophobic. It is gene...

5:48 AM

I need to look into "heavy ends" / "propane residuals"

Eric Lotze

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PJ1_TrackBite

whats this for? you building a race car?

idk i just hear about it and had it in my tabs when i was dumpiung them pre-logging off last night (edited)

8:01 PM

really odd product, but i really want to try and make a list of just about every petrochemical

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d85OX6yEwE0

NightHawkInLight

DIY Hydrogen/Oxygen Generators From Grocery Store Items (HHO Fuel C...

7:55 PM

n i c e s p l i t s m a l l s c a l e a l k a l i n e w a t e r e l e c t o l y s is c e l l (edited)

people got killed for putting those in cars in the 60s

damn good design

OwnerOfOwn

people got killed for putting those in cars in the 60s

that was kind of perpetual motion machinery nonsence right?

f r e e e n e r g y

(same with tesla turbines lol)

7:57 PM

piles of neat builds/videos, but then they mention over-unity etc, and i'm like w h e l p

7:57 PM

but this, nice stuff

indeed

Electrode wear is gonna get to me though, with how i freak out over waste cycles

7:58 PM

like does it get in the water as an oxide, or "plate" the anode while degrading the cathode?

can you switch them

7:59 PM

like swap leads to reverse the polarity and then reduce wear, assuming your assumption is correct

7:59 PM

yeah, i also am thinking of adding temp sensor and reduce output (thermal throttle), or adjust radiator

Just reposing my comment on the video here so you don't have to dig: Some thoughts on the designs: I think i'll try and adapt the bottle+box one into some sort of PID and whatnot controlled one where the current (and associated valves) are swapped every so often to reduce electrode wear, there can be therma throttling as temp rises (and/or radiator action), some sensors/alarms/emergency shutdown, and modularity (ie you can strap these together/put them in a "grid" similar to OSE's Power Cubes). Should be a VERY safe, and predictable system. On the note of the sock method, i think this could easily be adapted to automation! Essentially an open source knitting machine to make those "tubes", then manual joining, or figure out how to go about that. Also maybe sewing them together, as well as soldering/joining the wires to the scouring pads may increase efficiency. (edited)

8:17 PM

Like the Openknitic / Open Source Circular Knitting Machine (with wire, and inert fiber) -> Layer Them -> Stitch Together -> Solder/Join Wires -> Put in PVC Pipe

8:17 PM

h y p e (edited)

8:17 PM

I've been meaning to get around to electrolysers too

Eric Lotze

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d85OX6yEwE0

There are more efficient ways to do this

such as?

anywho

6:01 AM

https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/Open_Source_Modular_Alkaline_Water_Electrolyser

Open Source Modular Alkaline Water Electrolyser

6:02 AM

made a page

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_flow_controller

Mass flow controller

A mass flow controller (MFC) is a device used to measure and control the flow of liquids and gases. A mass flow controller is designed and calibrated to control a specific type of liquid or gas at a particular range of flow rates. The MFC can be given a setpoint from 0 to 100% of its full scale range but is typically operated in the 10 to 90% of...

https://youtu.be/AWwQGb5KWXM

Just Have a Think

Hemp conversion to graphene and diamond. Smart carbon capture?

10:17 PM

Florida company supposedly!

10:19 PM

(Forgot about florida's phosphate industry, and didn't know it made tailing ponds!)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fk3DjD9gSsk

RealPars

What is a Boiler and How does It Work?

4:24 AM

(saving that for later, was mainly on control systems IIRC)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-J6lkLvSAYA

Graphite & Carbon

Graphite Electrodes Manufacturing (Production) Process. Производств...

11:53 PM

seems easily adaptable to cubes for the Graphite Pyramid

Some sort of Sand+Heavy Oil (i assume) based casting sand? : http://smelko.com/?page_id=322

admin

Petrobond

[one_half] For greater precision use... Petrobond You get smoother finishes and closer tolerances in aluminum, magnesium, bronze silicon bronze, manganese bronze, and brass castings when you use Petrobond. Why use Petrobond?

Foundrymen using Petrobond bonding agent are...

11:25 PM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdWet_QCYq4

swdweeb

Recycling Petrobond

Eric Lotze

Some sort of Sand+Heavy Oil (i assume) based casting sand? : http://smelko.com/?page_id=322

Yes, it’s oil based sand casting sand. I’ve done some sand casting using bentonite clay based sand to make the sand hold it’s shape when rammed up. Petrobond uses oil and it captures finer details than the clay based sand.

https://www.kbo-gmbh.de/en/hauptnavigation/obb-sand/obb-sand-oil-bonded/

OBB Sand oil bonded KBO Form- und Schmelzstoffe GmbH

KBO GmbH: Ihr Spezialist für Form- und Schmelzstoffe! Öl- und wassergebundene OBB-Sande, Dikaflex Formkastenabdichtschnüre, Abdichtringe, Kernkleber, Brandschutzkleber und vieles mehr!

2:05 AM

i guess that was their source, i don't know if petrobond is just a term for it, or if that is anyone's trademark

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0920586104005644

5:12 AM

http://www.aboutdme.org/aboutdme/files/ccLibraryFiles/Filename/000000001636/DME4_KOGAS_Cho.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBh6fwbonVo

Michael Miller

Turpentine Recovery Decanter Principle

https://youtu.be/jCsnVp6mEbk

Maker's Muse

PLA - 3D Printing's Biggest Lie.

3:16 AM

granted got the Environmental Cost / Food vs Fuel argument going / sorta wrong so not perfect i guess?

3:16 AM

Can perhaps lead to collaboration / more traffic with that OSE project on Cellulose Acetate Production!

Good Basic Video on the State of Knowledge on MicroPlastics i guess? https://youtu.be/77htAHXZbG0

Anton Petrov

Turns Out, Plastics Have Strange Effects on Atmosphere and Life #Te...

https://youtu.be/bREt3U47LeY

Engineering with Rosie

Bioenergy In All Its Complexity: The Good the Bad and the Ugly

http://clacktronics.co.uk/2015/Casting-expanded-polystyrene.html

5:44 AM

https://www.engstack.com/kb/manufacturing-processes-expandable-polystyrene/

Manufacturing processes of expandable Polystyrene

Process description of the manufacturing process for Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) via the suspension process using BP Chemicals/ABB Lummus Global technology.

5:45 AM

5:50 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_initiator

Radical initiator

In chemistry, radical initiators are substances that can produce radical species under mild conditions and promote radical reactions. These substances generally possess weak bonds—bonds that have small bond dissociation energies. Radical initiators are utilized in industrial processes such as polymer synthesis. Typical examples are molecules wit...

5:50 AM

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9527737

I know i did it a while back, when i was trying to untangle the terminology hell of "Rubber vs Elastomer" to an extent, but i need to dive into Latex / "Natural Rubber", all the potential feedstock plants, and all the processing/tooling

1:39 AM

It seems wikipedia itself doesn't have all that much on the processing side itself

Relevant Link Spam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latex https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_rubber (Feedstock Plant Articles on Wikipedia i Dug Up) (Should Alphabetize Later)

(edited)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubber_technology

2:51 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcanization

On an unrelated note: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yu25HOg_vOg

What Dennis Does

Making Turpentine and Rosin from Pine Sap

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_purity

Chemical purity

Chemical purity is the measurement of the amount of impurities found in a chemical sample. Several grades of purity are used by the scientific, pharmaceutical, and industrial communitiues. Some of the commonly used grades of purity include: ACS grade is the highest level of purity, and meets the standards set by the American Chemical Society...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U3kgGxrB-bk

3D Printing Nerd

3D Printing HOW HOT?!?

12:11 AM

Mentioned "Essentium" : https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYgytba29v9zWgrVDmANLP5o5hrX1_n4f

Essentium Materials

12:13 AM

https://www.essentium.com/

Industrial 3D Printing Solutions | Essentium

Essentium combines the flexibility of 3D printing with the productivity of traditional manufacturing to create Industrial 3D printing solutions at scale.

12:13 AM

Good info on all sorts of In-Depth information on the chemistry of FDM Filaments / Plastics Behind them

12:13 AM

I should dive into all this sometime

12:14 AM

(Granted i barely have chemistry knowledge, let alone organic chemistry, so may not be the best person, but i guess i can learn the basics as i go?)

12:17 AM

Other concepts mentioned / relevant link spam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherulite_(polymer_physics) https://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/pdf/25-853.pdf (Aviation Fire Safety Code that some of the plastics exceled in) "Overmolding"

Spherulite (polymer physics)

In polymer physics, spherulites (from Greek sphaira = ball and lithos = stone) are spherical semicrystalline regions inside non-branched linear polymers. Their formation is associated with crystallization of polymers from the melt and is controlled by several parameters such as the number of nucleation sites, structure of the polymer molecules, ...

https://classicpressurelamps.com/threads/who-is-invented-first-pressure-lamp.14317/

who is invented first pressure lamp ?

May be my question is very simple ! who is invented first pressure lamp ? [ATTACH]

9:39 PM

https://patents.google.com/patent/US84636A

Not quite the right category, but: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_smelting

Flash smelting

Flash smelting (Finnish: Liekkisulatus, literally "flame-smelting") is a smelting process for sulfur-containing ores including chalcopyrite. The process was developed by Outokumpu in Finland and first applied at the Harjavalta plant in 1949 for smelting copper ore. It has also been adapted for nickel and lead production.A second flash smelting s...

Kind of summary of the above i guess: I was diving into Gas Mantles / Pressure Fed Liquid Vapor Lamps (long way of saying kerosine / whitegas lanterns i guess?) yesterday after their videos on those I was mainly trying to see if there were any "recipes" for mantles that used only "Appropriate Materials" Seemed like there might be some (i think it was mainly magnesium oxides). but that was a huge rabbit hole i think i am dodging for now! (I also want to look into if LEDs are possible without rare earth metal dopants sometime too) GRANTED i do tend to go "Plan to make all the things, no matter how small and insignificant" rather than "focus on the main things that would have the most impact / are the most "do-able" "

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypalon

Hypalon

Hypalon was a chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) synthetic rubber (CSM) noted for its resistance to chemicals, temperature extremes, and ultraviolet light. It was a product of DuPont Performance Elastomers, a subsidiary of DuPont. Hypalon as it is now known in the marine industry today is a remarketed version of the old Hypalon using an addit...

https://chargedevs.com/oct-2021-session/non-toxic-wire-enamels-make-e-drives-even-more-sustainable/

Charged EVs

Non-Toxic Wire Enamels Make E-Drives Even More Sustainable - Charge...

Presented by: Frank Saborowski, Product Specialist, AXALTA COATING SYSTEMS GMBH & CO KG Oct 21, 2021, 1:15 pm EDT For centuries the majority of wire enamels available were basically made in solvents like cresol and phenol. These substances are toxic, and depend on sources such as coal tar . AXALTA has recently developed a high-performance... Rea...

Nice research Eric, appreciate the links

I guess, i feel bad for all the spam at times!

Figure your spam informative to an interested viewers with limited time

I think i may have found it in looking up hydrogen peroxide production, although i guess it UV fluoresces as well: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthracene https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthraquinones https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthraquinone https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthraquinone_process

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64cEmjtwRgw

Cody'sLab

Cody's Algae Panel

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcanized_fibre Found another thing to add to the list, saw it in "Teaching Tech" 's video on 18650 Cells

Another Odd Chemical: https://www.amazon.com/Nitro-Thinner-Clear-Colors-Cleaning/dp/B00NA9LBME https://masterchem.ee/en/product/nitro-thinner-ns-5001/#:~:text=Thinner%20NS%2D5001%20is%20a,diluents%20to%20all%20nitro%20products.

Nitro Thinner (For Clear Colours and Cleaning)

admin

Thinner Nitro NS-5001 - Chemistry For Industry - Solvents & Chemica...

Thinner NS-5001 is a mixture of esters, acetates, alcohol, aromatic solvents and ketones suitable diluents to all nitro products. NS-5001 is manufactured for reducing viscosity lacquers before they are applied by different methods. Like high purity, fast-drying thinner blend for diluting Electrostatic materials. Also used to maintain and reduce ...

https://condorchem.com/en/blog/siloxanes-biogas-treatment/

Sergio Tuset CEO

Siloxanes in biogas: Origin, effect and treatment

Siloxanes are a harmful component of biogas. We detail in this article their origin, effects and treatment.

5:42 AM

(Siloxane Buildup (In the engines) was mentioned as an issue in that WWT Plant Video) (edited)

5:42 AM

Also this mineral

5:42 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivianite (edited)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTV_silicone

RTV silicone

RTV silicone (room-temperature-vulcanizing silicone) is a type of silicone rubber that cures at room temperature. It is available as a one-component product, or mixed from two-components (a base and curative). Manufacturers provide it in a range of hardnesses from very soft to medium—usually from 15 to 40 Shore A. RTV silicones can be cured with...

4:59 PM

RTV Silicone

Lovely infographic on hydrogen's ecology of sorts :

12:03 AM

12:05 AM

Seems to be from this article? : https://www.cleantech.com/the-role-of-green-hydrogen-in-global-decarbonization/

Louis Brasington

The Role of Green Hydrogen in Global Decarbonization

12:09 AM

(saw it in the b roll of this video: https://youtu.be/EkuVE0SA1B8)

Just Have a Think

Green Hydrogen : Can Australia lead the world?

12:10 AM

At 8:36 (Timecode https://youtu.be/EkuVE0SA1B8?t=516 )

https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Sep/Hydrogen-A-renewable-energy-perspective

Hydrogen: A renewable energy perspective

Yes, hydrogen had lots of potential for quite some time. But now it is getting thrashed by lithium ion, it is still to early to call it the end. But if things continue the way they are, hydrogen economy will not end up happening.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_acetate

11:32 PM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_acetoacetate

yfgame

I think it still is essential for Long Distance Travel, ESPECIALLY aircraft and other mass limited things, also even just it's usage in chemical manufacture etc makes it a valuable commodity Also as a way to "ship energy" that may be more effective than long wires based supergrids (edited)

11:34 PM

Granted how it will compare to Biocrude/Pyrolysis Oil, Methane in Existing "Natural Gas Grids", and Ammonia as a hydrogen carrier remains to be seen i guess (edited)

Is this an organic chemistry* alternative to Lanthanides for hydrogen storage? (edited)

Oh i was just posting those links since i saw the chemical mentioned, noticed it was simple + related to ethanol so i posted it here, sorry for the lack of context! (edited)

11:36 PM

I'll see though, i do remember seeing something on organic hydrogen carriers (edited)

That would be the bees knees if it existed.

@Littlememe4 has reached level 1. GG!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_organic_hydrogen_carriers

Liquid organic hydrogen carriers

Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) are organic compounds that can absorb and release hydrogen through chemical reactions. LOHCs can therefore be used as storage media for hydrogen. In principle, every unsaturated compound (organic molecules with C-C double or triple bonds) can take up hydrogen during hydrogenation. The sequence of endotherm...

11:37 PM

"Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC)" is the name

11:37 PM

most tend to be heat based if i remember correctly

11:38 PM

https://youtu.be/ie-mwfVvHNM

Hydrogenious LOHC Technologies

Hydrogenious LOHC Technologies and the LOHC Concept - short

11:39 PM

https://youtu.be/FAlZ-uKdWMc

DECHEMA

Next generation hydrogen storage and transport: Hydrogenious Techno...

11:39 PM

I don't remember if i made a wiki page on them or not yet, let me check

I'd be surprised if this principle wasn't being used for NiCd electrolytes to suck up elemental hydrogen at the electrode.

Eric Lotze

Yes sure, very true! I just stumbled across a VTOL project, and they were talking about LH2 too. Interesting to see how this space develops!

Saw this used in a recent video by the youtube channel "Blondihacks" on their next steam engine machining concept, need to try and look into composition later. Just keeping up with my list of every petrochemical "thing" i come across i guess! : https://www.cmdlubeoil.com/extreme-pressure-lubricant/

admin

Extreme Pressure Lubricant

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polybutylene_adipate_terephthalate

Polybutylene adipate terephthalate

PBAT (short for polybutylene adipate terephthalate) is a biodegradable random copolymer, specifically a copolyester of adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid (from dimethyl terephthalate). PBAT is produced by many different manufacturers and may be known by the brand names ecoflex, Wango, Ecoworld, Eastar Bio, and Origo-Bi. It is als...

https://www.spirainc.com/ neat company that extracts specific dyes from algae

10:14 PM

https://www.spirainc.com/products/electric-sky-buy

Electric Sky™

Shipping Included Electric Sky™ is a natural blue pigment that is first to effectively replace artificial FD&C Blue #1 and Blue #1 Lake synthetic food dyes. Derived from Spirulina algae, Electric Sky™ is one of the rare blue pigments found in nature. With its healthful anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, y

10:14 PM

https://www.spirainc.com/products/umi%E2%84%A2-spirulina-powder

Umi™ Spirulina Powder

DESCRIPTION Spira’s Umi™ is a spirulina powder made from natural and nutritious blue-green algae found in freshwater lakes around the world. As a photosynthetic organism, spirulina contains chlorophyll, as well as blue phycocyanin, which gives this unique algae its vibrant color. Made of 70% complete protein from algae

10:15 PM

Given they are kind of the non Yellow / White / Black OSE Colors, they could also make a neat sort of "Official Dye" for projects etc

10:16 PM

Main issue is that they don't like heat from what i have heard, so probably not good for dyed plastics etc

10:16 PM

Also currently asking about their extraction methods

Didn't gabe eat this on a biohack chat?

I think so yeah lol

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethylformamide

Dimethylformamide

Dimethylformamide is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Dimethylformamide is odorless,...

3:36 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethylamine

Dimethylamine

Dimethylamine is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NH. This secondary amine is a colorless, flammable gas with an ammonia-like odor. Dimethylamine is commonly encountered commercially as a solution in water at concentrations up to around 40%. An estimated 270,000 tons were produced in 2005.

3:37 AM

All from Methanol, Ammonia, Carbon Monoxide, and some catalysts i guess

3:37 AM

Head about it in this timestamp of a NileRed Video: https://youtu.be/1B3Xi5L6siI?t=2741

NileRed

Turning plastic gloves into hot sauce

3:38 AM

Hexamine was another used: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamethylenetetramine

Hexamethylenetetramine

Hexamethylenetetramine, also known as methenamine, hexamine, or urotropin, is a heterocyclic organic compound with the formula (CH2)6N4. This white crystalline compound is highly soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It has a cage-like structure similar to adamantane. It is useful in the synthesis of other organic compounds, including ...

3:38 AM

which is formaldahyde and ammonia

3:38 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formaldehyde (edited)

3:39 AM

Formaldahyde is just Methane or Methanol and catalysts i guess

3:39 AM

It's catalysts all the way down lol

3:40 AM

Nilered does neat content, i wish they would do series on Plastics / Common Petrochemicals, may be neat, granted may be too complex / harardous?

3:42 AM

even MORE complex solvents, and some funky base aaaaaaaaaaaaaa

3:42 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N,N-Diisopropylethylamine This was used. "It is traditionally prepared by the alkylation of diisopropylamine with diethyl sulfate." (edited)

N,N-Diisopropylethylamine

N,N-Diisopropylethylamine, or Hünig's base, is an organic compound and an amine. It is named after the German chemist Siegfried Hünig. It is used in organic chemistry as a base. It is commonly abbreviated as DIPEA, DIEA, or i-Pr2NEt.

3:43 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diisopropylamine (Acetone and Ammonia + Catalyst) (edited)

3:44 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethyl_sulfate "This compound can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol and is purified using rectification in vacuo." (edited)

3:45 AM

Last one seems especially spooky lol

3:51 AM

AND NOW THEY'RE USING WHATEVER THE HELL THIS IS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATU

HATU

HATU (1-[Bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate, Hexafluorophosphate Azabenzotriazole Tetramethyl Uronium) is a reagent used in peptide coupling chemistry to generate an active ester from a carboxylic acid. HATU is used along with Hünig's base (N,N-diisopropylethylamine, DIPEA), or triethylami...

Got in a discussion elsewhere about biodiesel

3:07 AM

They said it has some issues compared to petrodiesel. This had me confused so i looked into it leading to the following link spam :

3:08 AM

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Production-of-renewable-liquid-fuels-through-and-Casas-Castillo/dc0c021bb936291cb2ee1147343e0e021a111a18 "Production of renewable liquid fuels through hydrotreatment and transesterification: LCA comparison and sustainability aspects"

Another Material I Am Documenting / Will need to try and find the composition of: https://www.theceramicshop.com/store/category/29/304/soap/ (edited)

Mold Soap - The Ceramic Shop

We carry a variety of mold soaps for your casting needs. We have mold soap concentrate, which is a great way for production outfits to purchase mold soap, or Pure Lube in various quantities for the studio artist or classroom. At The Ceramic Shop we ship world-wide!

3:34 AM

"Mold Soap"

3:34 AM

Essentially a release agent for Plaster Molds used in Ceramic Slip Casting

3:34 AM

They also mentioned this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_polyacrylate

3:36 AM

under the brand name "Darvan 811" https://www.theceramicshop.com/product/3033/darvan-811-pint/

Darvan 811 Pint

Darvan 811 Pint: 1 Pint. . Darvan 811 is a deflocculant that is similar to Darvan 7, but is more powerful. It takes only a small percentage to deflocc

@Eric Lotze has reached level 39. GG!

https://www.vanderbiltminerals.com/resources/TDS_DARVAN_811D_C_and_R_Web.pdf

3:42 AM

They also used pledge furniture polish spray to seal parts of the molds

3:42 AM

https://www.whatsinsidescjohnson.com/us/en/brands/pledge/Pledge--Beautify-It-Lemon-Enhancing-Polish

: SC Johnson

What's Inside Pledge® Beautify It Lemon Enhancing Polish

3:42 AM

Let me grab the links to the videos i guess too, although this isn't the exact channel they should go into i guess (edited)

3:43 AM

https://youtu.be/s_st3s5GKzY

VanTikiStudio

Moldmaking for Slip Casting - Tiki Technical Tuesday 47

3:43 AM

Specific timecode to the time they are using pledge: https://youtu.be/s_st3s5GKzY?t=359

3:43 AM

https://youtu.be/dmj7XiOd1K4

VanTikiStudio

Making Slip for Slipcasting - Tiki Technical Tuesday 53

3:45 AM

^This is where they mentioned the Darvan 811 (edited)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_furnace

Cyclone furnace

A cyclone furnace is a type of coal combustor commonly used in large industrial boilers.

Goofy animation but made other related pages/videos clearer: https://youtu.be/pvF2_LrfM-s

BD Heat Recovery Division Inc.

Introduction to Air Preheaters by BD Heat Recovery Div.

4:39 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljungstr%C3%B6m_air_preheater https://youtu.be/KY0IXsMtbbE (edited)

4:39 AM

Another design: https://youtu.be/XuLfASz0YkU

Howden

Howden Rotary Heat Exchangers - Air Pre Heater Animation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellman%E2%80%93Lord_process

Wellman%E2%80%93Lord_process

https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780081001677/integrated-gasification-combined-cycle-igcc-technologies

5:37 AM

5:38 AM

t h a t ' s a g o o d i n f o g r a p h i c

5:42 AM

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/11/2985

Technical and Economic Analysis of the Supercritical Combined Gas-S...

Combined cycle power plants are characterized by high efficiency, now exceeding 60%. The record-breaking power plant listed in the Guinness Book of World Records is the Nishi-Nagoya power plant commissioned in March 2018, located in Japan, and reaching the gross efficiency of 63.08%. Research and development centers, energy companies, and scient...

https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/826269

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174521000301#f0070

6:20 AM

https://ebrary.net/204086/engineering/cargen_co_production_syngas_carbon_black

6:25 AM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894716312852

6:25 AM

What all this link spam has been on is something I can't seem to find something directly on it, but essentially: (edited)

6:29 AM

The simple title of: Biomass (Ultra-Supercritical) Integrated Gasification-Pyrolysis-Reforming Combined (Fuel Cell?) Cycle with Carbon Capture and Sequestration/Utilization

6:29 AM

Also maybe somehow add in RDF co-firing into the title lol

6:30 AM

Basically:

Biomass (and RDF if cofired) In
Can be Made Into

-- (Tunable) Syngas -- Pyrolysis Oil -- LPG -- Char (and maybe carbon black with pyrolysis oil reforming?) -- Heat/Electricity (edited)

6:32 AM

Also High Purity CO2 Would Be Produced

6:34 AM

and all of that could be tuned; if only power is needed all the char can be fully gasified, and all the pyrolysis oil burned. If power is not needed most of the pyrolysis oil / char could be recovered with only a little syngas/lpg loss for process heating

6:34 AM

Tunability also would help with changing feedstocks

6:35 AM

Also that Wellman–Lord process for Sulfur Dioxide / Sulfuric Acid Recover, and Maybe an Elemental Sulfur Converter ?

6:36 AM

More link spam aaaaaaaaaaaaa: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/er.4440 (edited)

6:36 AM

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ese3.334

6:38 AM

https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.icac.com/resource/resmgr/Greenhouse_Gas_Controls/NETL_oxy-combustion_Alstom_M.pdf Oxy-Combustion Boiler Development for Tangential Firing

6:39 AM

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/17/3281

Optimization of Air Distribution to Reduce NOx Emission and Unburne...

The use of separated overfire air (SOFA) has become a standard technique of air staging for NOx reduction in the coal-fired boiler and can also be applied to existing boilers by retrofit. This study was to optimize the air distribution for the proposed SOFA installation in a 500 MWe tangential-firing boiler that has 20 identical units in Korea. ...

6:39 AM

https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2018/45/e3sconf_htrse2018_03009.pdf

6:40 AM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangential_firing

Tangential firing

Tangential firing is a method of firing a fuel to heat air in thermal power stations. The flame envelope rotates ensuring thorough mixing within the furnace, providing complete combustion and uniform heat distribution.

6:40 AM

^From https://www.envirojustice.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/GIPA-EPA407-Liddell-NOx-Report-final-23-June-17.pdf

6:41 AM

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/19/5043

Hybrid Fuel Cell—Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle for CO2 Sequestrat...

The low prices and its relatively low carbon intensity of natural gas have encouraged the coal replacement with natural gas power generation. Such a replacement reduces greenhouse gases and other emissions. To address the significant energy penalty of carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in gas turbine systems, a novel high efficiency concept is p...

6:44 AM

Not certain how it compares to biomass / rdf ash (given coal contains all sorts of rare nasties nonexistent in the other feedstocks), BUT: https://www.daepumps.com/images/coal-ash-residuals-1024x435.jpg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-yDKeya4SU

Engineering Explained

America Was Wrong About Ethanol - Study Shows

7:46 AM

Just watched that, i need to cross compare with other studies + post the one they mentioned

7:47 AM

It seems they weren't discussing cellulosic ethanol, just conventional corn ethanol?

7:49 AM

Also most of the Carbon Emissions were from Land Use Change, especially Tilling of Soil. This to me seemed more like a crituque of / problem with Corn Agricultural Practice (I need to look into if it uses Low/No-Till at all/can it, and how Biochar could impact soil carbon in this equation i guess) rather than Corn Ethanol Itself

7:49 AM

Granted at the end of the day the real happenings matter, not the theory, but conflating the two annoys me a bit i guess

7:50 AM

Granted They suggested Switchgrass / Native Grass based ethanol (need to see if it wasn't syngas based methanol) which i am 100% Down With and have rambled on about for a long while!

7:52 AM

Also they used E-10 for their calculations, not E-15/E-85/E-100 so not exactly the best example of "Will Corn Ethanol Pay Off" when you only use 10% of it's potential! (Granted the land use would be tied to this etc, thus they probably already calculated all this in the paper just not the video and i need to read that pre-being a keyboard warrior lol) (edited)

7:52 AM

I posted some comments on the video itself, but that's my reaction i guess

7:56 AM

https://youtu.be/QmXCuV2FzFY

SolarCITIES

USDA Research Project with ACT

7:56 AM

New Video by Solar Cities, need to add that to the Biodigestor's page / network with marcin and them maybe?

7:57 AM

I'm not going to comment yet i guess, but i may do one tomorrow

I need to ask them about making a Native Language channel maybe, but they make great content and this video went over all sorts of polymers / their history: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kn6IzwSJEgs

Thoisoi2 - Chemical Experiments!

Why This SUBSTANCE Was Banned Forever?

5:49 AM

Granted they used a bunch of pre-bought precursurs for the nylon etc, so not too useful

Clone that got all the executive function juice

11:37 PM

Seriously though all this talk of crude oil/gas prices etc has me just thinking like Oh If OnLY tHere WeRe aN aLtErnativE

Reverse Microbial Fuel Cells are neat too. “Microbial Electrochemical Cells” Or something may be the term.

12:42 AM

Essentially you put in electricity, and out come chemicals and/or biomass.

12:42 AM

I was looking into it for Hydrogen Methanation to try and make it easier to store.

I may eventually make a page for the “Saltworks” type stuff, although it is heavily intertwined with this, but: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_sulfate

Sodium sulfate

Sodium sulfate (also known as sodium sulphate or sulfate of soda) is the inorganic compound with formula Na2SO4 as well as several related hydrates. All forms are white solids that are highly soluble in water. With an annual production of 6 million tonnes, the decahydrate is a major commodity chemical product. It is mainly used as a filler in t...

1:21 AM

I heard about it when the Google Doodle mentioned https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1ria_Telkes

M%C3%A1ria_Telkes

1:22 AM

So basically waste sulfur and sodium and you have an amazing Phase Change Material?!?

https://youtu.be/b19lpkjUBrM

That Chemist

Uncovering the Chemicals Involved in the East Palestine Train Derai...

whilst at it, awesome, slow pacing movie - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6160448/?ref_=nm_flmg_t_1_act

White Noise (2022) - IMDb

White Noise: Directed by Noah Baumbach. With Don Cheadle, Madison Gaughan, Douglas Brodax, Carly Brodax. Dramatizes a contemporary American family's attempts to deal with the mundane conflicts of everyday life while grappling with the universal mysteries of love, death, and the possibility of happiness in an uncertain world.

https://www.xdd-llc.com/vinyl-chloride-vc-remediation/

xdd

VC - Vinyl Chloride Remediation and Contamination Overview - Soil a...

Technologies that are most (and least) applicable to vinyl chloride remediation are discussed. Basic physical properties are also given for VC.

https://phys.org/news/2023-04-solar-farms-generate-fresh-soil.html desertification became real, less rains by the year, here in spain

Using solar farms to generate fresh desert soil crust

In the arid regions of the American Southwest, an unseen world lies beneath our feet. Biocrusts, or biological soil crusts, are communities of living organisms. These industrious microbes include cyanobacteria, green algae, fungi, lichens, and mosses, forming a thin layer on the surface of soils in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.

Saving this for later: https://excellence-aviation.com/aviation-fuel-additive-injection/

Neil Sinclair

Aviation Fuel Additive Injection - Excellence Aviation Services

This Aviation Fuel Additive Injection System will accurately inject the correct dose of additive into the fuel system during refuelling of your aircraft.

Maxing out the amount of available tabs on my phone, so dumping this here (it sent something from the top of my que down when i opened a new tab so aaaaaaaa)

7:53 PM

https://www.google.com/search?q=gas+turbine+combustor+with+intergrated+ash+removal&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-us&client=safari#bsht=Cgdic2h3Y2hwEgQIAzAD

7:53 PM

ANYWHO

7:54 PM

This was in regards to gas turbines that burned pulverized coal iirc, was Wild.

7:54 PM

That and/or heavy oils (and thus potentially raw Pyrolysis Oil) with a high ash/char content specifically for that ash removal

7:55 PM

This is another one that related to Synthetic Graphite (Electrode) Production and Coal Tar (edited)

7:55 PM

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267234281_Strategies_for_a_Declining_North_American_Coal_Tar_Supply

Strategies for a Declining North American Coal Tar Supply

Download Citation | Strategies for a Declining North American Coal Tar Supply | The supply of coal tar in North America is declining at an accelerating pace. This year's announcements of the closing of three United States... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

7:56 PM

Iirc to make synthetic graphite you mix char powder (Carbon Black etc) and some sort of “goop” (typically a heavy oil or tar, i need to read up if any epoxies etc work

7:57 PM

Coal Tar (at least in north america) was one of the main feedstocks, but with Coal Phaseout that is becoming rare so the paper was mentioning alternatives and whatnot iirc

7:58 PM

This was ALMOST my idea of “reverse coal mining” and/or using some sort of carbon material as a Proppant

7:58 PM

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac4c5c/pdf

“What type of Engine do you want?” “Yes”

8:55 PM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261920316366

A fuel cell free piston gas turbine hybrid architecture for high-ef...

Hybrid systems that incorporate fuel cells, such as fuel cell-gas turbine (FC-GT) and fuel cell-internal combustion engine (FC-ICE) systems, are incre…

8:58 PM

fuel cell ✅ free piston internal combustion engine ✅ gas turbine✅

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230843014_Polyoxometalate_water_oxidation_catalysts_and_the_production_of_green_fuel

Polyoxometalate water oxidation catalysts and the production of gre...

Request PDF | Polyoxometalate water oxidation catalysts and the production of green fuel | In the last five years and currently, research on solar fuels has been intense and no sub-area in this field has been more active than the... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bergius_process

Bergius process

The Bergius process is a method of production of liquid hydrocarbons for use as synthetic fuel by hydrogenation of high-volatile bituminous coal at high temperature and pressure. It was first developed by Friedrich Bergius in 1913. In 1931 Bergius was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his development of high-pressure chemistry.

8:09 PM

Especially Interesting in that Iron sulfide can be used as a catalyst

Still dumping links from mobile:

8:28 PM

Alternative to RP-1 (Granted in use for…unfortunate reasons, not decarbonization, interesting bit of technology regardless) https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=45044.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntin (Edit: Added another Related Link) (edited)

Russia to test transitioning Soyuz Boosters from Kerosene to Naphth...

Russia to test transitioning Soyuz Boosters from Kerosene to Naphthyl in 2018

Syntin

Syntin is a hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C10H16 used as a rocket fuel. It is a mixture of four stereoisomers (see below). It has a density of 0.851 g/mL, and a boiling point of 158 °C. Due to the presence of three strained cyclopropane rings, the molecule has a highly positive enthalpy of formation: ΔfH°(l)= 133 kJ/mol (980 kJ/kg, t...

5:52 AM

"Figure 2: Comparison of specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity for different coal types and temperatures"

5:53 AM

https://www.ispatguru.com/coking-coals/

satyendra

Coking Coal

@Eric Lotze has reached level 41. GG!

IspatGuru - Coking Coals

5:54 AM

Has this neat diagram in it:

5:54 AM

5:55 AM

By "PCI" it means "Pulverized coal injection" for blast furnaces i guess https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulverized_coal_injection_method

Pulverized coal injection method

Pulverized coal injection is a method for improving the performance of a blast furnace.

5:55 AM

The IspatGuru site also had a bunch of terms/definitions (edited)

6:01 AM

https://power.mhi.com/products/boilers/technology/types-of-coal

Mitsubishi Power | Types of Coal

There are various types of coal, from anthracite with its high carbon content to bituminous coal, subbituminous coal and lignite (brown coal), which i

6:01 AM

Mitsubishi Power Site With This Interesting Coal Rank Comparison Chart:

6:01 AM

6:02 AM

The context for all this was someone over on Precious Plastic's "Project Kamp" section mentioned Torrefied Biomass (edited)

6:02 AM

That is often called "Bio-Coal"

6:03 AM

I was trying to determine what "rank" it is best compared to / how one calculates that, hence these links+charts!

6:08 AM

Eric Lotze

Click to see attachment 🖼️

This was from this completely unrelated to OSE link: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Coal-Seam-Gas%3A-Issues-for-Consideration-in-the-NSW%2C-Stammers/d00fa7a4aaf8bc98f275a4e2218fad2aa06648d0

https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/wiki/DME_from_Methanol

DME from Methanol

4:11 AM

I was looking for some infographic, that may have been it

4:12 AM

Sadly doesn't have Methanol from Fermentation Involved

4:12 AM

Also mentions Fossil Fuels, especially Coal

Might fit into the category of "greenwashing", but heard this in looking into primers: https://vermontnaturalcoatings.com/learn-about-polywhey/#:~:text=Polymerized%20whey%20proteins%20provide%20much,people%2C%20pets%20and%20the%20environment.

Roxanne Brault

Learn About PolyWhey®

7:29 AM

https://wiki.opensourceecology.org/index.php?title=Talk:Wood_Primer

Index.php

I don't know how they work, but i was looking into Sulfur Lamps, and was digging to see if anything was on Alibaba, found these instead:

6:38 AM

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Sulphur-in-Oil-Analyzer-Petroleum-Products_60726674200.html?spm=a2700.galleryofferlist.0.0.6a684b84zT7PRA

Sulphur In Oil Analyzer/petroleum Products Sulfur Meter/sulphur Con...

Sulphur In Oil Analyzer/petroleum Products Sulfur Meter/sulphur Content Detecting Equipment - Buy Sulphur Content Detecting Equipment,Sulfur In Crude Oil Analyzer Petroleum Product Sulphur Analysers,X-ray Fluorescence Sulfur In Oil Analyzer Product on Alibaba.com

6:38 AM

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/ASTM-D1266-Lamp-Method-Oil-Sulfur_62386831516.html?spm=a2700.galleryofferlist.0.0.6a684b84zT7PRA

Astm D1266 Lamp Method Oil Sulfur Analyzer - Buy Astm D1266,Sulfur ...

Astm D1266 Lamp Method Oil Sulfur Analyzer - Buy Astm D1266,Sulfur Analyzer,Oil Sulfur Analyzer Product on Alibaba.com

6:38 AM

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Diesel-fuel-sulfur-content-analyzer-Sulfur_60698582660.html

Diesel Fuel Sulfur Content Analyzer / Sulfur Content Testing Equipm...

Diesel Fuel Sulfur Content Analyzer / Sulfur Content Testing Equipment With Lamp-kindled Method - Buy Sulfur Content Analyzer,Diesel Fuel Sulfur Content Analyzer,Sulfur Content Testing Equipment Product on Alibaba.com

6:38 AM

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/10PPM-Diesel-Sulphur-Testing-Equipment-Sulfur_62414932919.html?spm=a2700.galleryofferlist.0.0.6a684b84zT7PRA

10ppm Diesel Sulphur Testing Equipment Sulfur Content Measuring Ins...

10ppm Diesel Sulphur Testing Equipment Sulfur Content Measuring Instrument - Buy Sulfur Content Measuring Instrument,Sulphur Testing Equipment,Diesel Testing Equipment Product on Alibaba.com

6:40 AM

I am unsure what the "Lamp Method Oil Sulfur Analyzer" is, although given the glassware, and how one page said "Lamp Kindled" i guess it is just heated flasks and maybe a vapor sensor / indicator solution?

TOO MANY TABS OPEN ON MOBILE AAAAAAA

6:43 PM

It’s sending me ones from the top again

6:43 PM

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319624228_40_YEARS_OF_CIRCULATING_FLUIDIZED_BED_CFB_POWER_PLANT_TECHNOLOGY_A_review_of_the_history_present_status_and_future_potential_of_the_application_of_an_innovative_and_successful_combustion_technology

(PDF) 40 YEARS OF CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED (CFB) POWER PLANT TECHN...

PDF | May 31, 2016 marked the 40 th anniversary date of the filing of the base patent for the circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustion technology for... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

6:43 PM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261920316366

A fuel cell free piston gas turbine hybrid architecture for high-ef...

Hybrid systems that incorporate fuel cells, such as fuel cell-gas turbine (FC-GT) and fuel cell-internal combustion engine (FC-ICE) systems, are incre…

6:43 PM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890422000188

Thermal partial oxidation of n-butane in a micro-flow reactor and s...

The direct use of n-butane in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems has been challenging due to high performance degradation and/or failure due to carb…

6:44 PM

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261312678_Autocatalytic_set_of_chemical_reactions_of_circulating_fluidized_bed_boiler

(PDF) Autocatalytic set of chemical reactions of circulating fluidi...

PDF | Circulating fluidized bed-boiler (CFB) is considered in some respects to be an improvement over the traditional methods of coal combustion to... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

6:45 PM

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/211520007.pdf

6:45 PM

“Design of a Graphite Based Thermal Energy Storage for Concentrated Solar Power Applications”

6:45 PM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0038092X15002650

Analysis of a graphite foam–NaCl latent heat storage system for sup...

A latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) system that operates at high temperature was analyzed for applications to supercritical CO2 (s-CO2) power…

6:45 PM

Supercritical CO2 and just Hot Carbon in various forms seems to actually work REALLY well

6:46 PM

Or other Sensible Heat Storage Media

6:46 PM

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020294020977890

Sage Journals: Your gateway to world-class journal research

Subscription and open access journals from Sage, the world's leading independent academic publisher.

6:46 PM

Pcd stuff

6:47 PM

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Formulation-and-Characterization-of-Paraffin-based-Armold/0c43dceb869d56f786df1beb6cec2cde04622f65

Formulation and Characterization of Paraffin-based Solid Fuels Cont...

Rapid prototyping has developed to the point where polymers or waxes can be printed to serve as solid-fuel grains for hybrid rockets. Complex grain geometries inconceivable with any other method can be fabricated with no additional manufacturing or machining cost. This process has been manipulated to produce composite grains structures of paraff...

6:48 PM

Hybrid Rocket Stuff, very unrelated but dumping it here for now

6:51 PM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0196890413005281

Optimization design of solar enhanced natural draft dry cooling tower

This paper proposed an optimization scheme for solar enhanced natural draft dry cooling tower design, in which a detailed cost model was proposed incl…

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03627 “Ultrasonic Treatment: An Acid-Free Green Approach Toward Preparing High-Performance Activated Carbon from Lignin”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycaprolactone Polycaprolactone (PCL) (A type of Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polyester)

Polycaprolactone

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable polyester with a low melting point of around 60 °C and a glass transition temperature of about −60 °C. The most common use of polycaprolactone is in the production of speciality polyurethanes. Polycaprolactones impart good resistance to water, oil, solvent and chlorine to the polyurethane produced. This ...

8:21 PM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triton_X-100 Triton X-100 It’s a bit of a “secret sauce” , but it’s a nonionic surfactant used in various things.

Triton X-100

Triton X-100 (C14H22O(C2H4O)n) is a nonionic surfactant that has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and an aromatic hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group. The hydrocarbon group is a 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl group. Triton X-100 is closely related to IGEPAL CA-630, which might diffe...

8:27 PM

“Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide Vapors on Common Aviation Textiles” https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA506677.pdf

8:28 PM

I looked that up due to the use of hydrogen peroxide vapor to sterilize rooms (and potentially wipe out mold in bathrooms…)

8:29 PM

https://www.bioquell.com/ Bioquell is a company that used 30% Hydrogen Peroxide vapor for surface and airborne bio decontamination

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polybenzimidazole_fiber Polybenzimidazole fiber Aka PBI Aka THE ULTIMATE WELDING PPE MATERIAL !

Polybenzimidazole fiber

Polybenzimidazole (PBI, short for poly[2,2’-(m-phenylen)-5,5’-bisbenzimidazole]) fiber is a synthetic fiber with a very high decomposition temperature. It does not exhibit a melting point, it has exceptional thermal and chemical stability, and it does not readily ignite. It was first discovered by American polymer chemist Carl Shipp Marvel in th...

8:37 PM

Heard of it via this article i found after some searching : https://www.fastradius.com/resources/top-5-heat-resistant-plastics/

Top 5 Heat-Resistant Plastics | Fast Radius

When designing parts that will come in contact with extremely high temperatures, consider manufacturing with these heat-resistant plastics.

10:06 PM

Neat infographic on history of biobased polymers

10:06 PM

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/9/10/523

The Recent Developments in Biobased Polymers toward General and Eng...

The main motivation for development of biobased polymers was their biodegradability, which is becoming important due to strong public concern about waste. Reflecting recent changes in the polymer industry, the sustainability of biobased polymers allows them to be used for general and engineering applications. This expansion is driven by the rema...

10:06 PM

“The Recent Developments in Biobased Polymers toward General and Engineering Applications: Polymers that are Upgraded from Biodegradable Polymers, Analogous to Petroleum-Derived Polymers, and Newly Developed”

10:07 PM

https://www.elastomer.kuraray.com/bio-based-polymers/

Robin Conrad

Bio-based polymers

Increasing the sustainability of the plastics industry

10:07 PM

https://www.elastomer.kuraray.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/bio-based-vs-biodegradable-polymers.svg

10:08 PM

“Bio-based polymers and plastics” - kuraray

10:09 PM

Superabsorbent Polymers: From long-established, microplastics generating systems, to sustainable, biodegradable and future proof alternatives https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079670021001222

Superabsorbent Polymers: From long-established, microplastics gener...

Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) play important roles in our daily life, as they are applied in products for hygiene, agriculture, construction, etc. Th…

10:09 PM

10:12 PM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2452223619300665 “Bio-based and biodegradable polymers - State-of-the-art, challenges and emerging trends”

“Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry” 2020

Bio-based and biodegradable polymers - State-of-the-art, challenges...

Frontiers of bio-based and biodegradable polymers are constantly expanding in a view to achieve sustainability. Hence, designing sustainable bioplasti…

10:13 PM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piperonyl_butoxide

Piperonyl butoxide

Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is a pale yellow to light brown liquid organic compound used as a synergist component of pesticide formulations. That is, despite having no pesticidal activity of its own, it enhances the potency of certain pesticides such as carbamates, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. It is a semisynthetic derivative of safrole.

5:08 PM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permethrin

Permethrin

Permethrin is a medication and an insecticide. As a medication, it is used to treat scabies and lice. It is applied to the skin as a cream or lotion. As an insecticide, it can be sprayed onto outer clothing or mosquito nets to kill the insects that touch them.Side effects include rash and irritation at the area of use. Use during pregnancy appea...

5:11 PM

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenosphere

Cenosphere

A cenosphere is a lightweight, inert, hollow sphere made largely of silica and alumina and filled with air or inert gas, typically produced as a coal combustion byproduct at thermal power plants. The color of cenospheres varies from gray to almost white and their density is about 0.4–0.8 g/cm3 (0.014–0.029 lb/cu in), which gives them a great buo...

5:11 PM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_microsphere

Glass microsphere

Glass microspheres are microscopic spheres of glass manufactured for a wide variety of uses in research, medicine, consumer goods and various industries. Glass microspheres are usually between 1 and 1000 micrometers in diameter, although the sizes can range from 100 nanometers to 5 millimeters in diameter. Hollow glass microspheres, sometimes te...

5:11 PM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microparticle#Microspheres

Microparticle

Microparticles are particles between 0.1 and 100 μm in size. Commercially available microparticles are available in a wide variety of materials, including ceramics, glass, polymers, and metals. Microparticles encountered in daily life include pollen, sand, dust, flour, and powdered sugar. Microparticles have a much larger surface-to-volume ratio...

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1600772 "A simple high-performance matrix-free biomass molten carbonate fuel cell without CO2 recirculation"

Science | AAAS

1:23 AM

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0009250902006449 "Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) with internal reforming: model-based analysis of cell dynamics"

Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) with internal reforming: model-ba...

A transient mathematical model for a single counter-flow cell of a molten carbonate fuel cell has been developed. The model is based on the descriptio…

1:28 AM

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/er.3288

1:29 AM

I was talking about these with someone, dug for links, didn't find what i was looking for per-se, but dumpedthe links here regardless

1:29 AM

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells are interesting though

1:30 AM

I don't quite get their workings, but it seems like the ideal is to be able to chuck Charcoal in one end and get electricity out of it somehow?

1:31 AM

Wild stuff, definetly on the far end though. Simple use "as is" fuels in OTS Internal Combistion Engines, OS/DIY external combustion engines, and maybe some sort of Diesel engine make more sense near term

1:32 AM

Even my dream of DME is a bit far off in terms of "appropriate materials" etc

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaldehyde Another chemical that can be made from ethanol, Acetaldehyde aka "ethanal"

Acetaldehyde

Acetaldehyde (IUPAC systematic name ethanal) is an organic chemical compound with the formula CH3CHO, sometimes abbreviated by chemists as MeCHO. It is a colorless liquid or gas, boiling near room temperature. It is one of the most important aldehydes, occurring widely in nature and being produced on a large scale in industry. Acetaldehyde occur...