https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-mould_labelling
It says in the article it was invented by Procter & Gamble (P&G) for shampoo bottles.
So, I had a look at a shampoo bottle (P&G) manufactured in France, and body wash bottle (Unilever) manufactured locally. The transparent film on them is labelled "Other 7" (Yeah... real helpful ).
But it doesn't tear, and doesn't leave a sticky residue on the bottle. The film itself is sticky as hell.
So, you can get that off without tools. But for larger operations you'll probably want to invent a tool that can strip it in a few seconds.
The transparent film is a lot like those flexible, sticky touch-screen protectors. Like the film you have to peel off of a new phone's screen.
So, I assume the labels that flake, are mostly made of paper. Maybe with some micro-thin layer of something on top. (edited)I use a two stage process with NaOH and CH₃COOH in an agglomerator
You use a what in a what with a what ⁉
(edited)might be date or batch codes
That would be my guess, also.